Truman Capote Essay - 1439 Words

The short stories of Truman Capote are connected to his childhood experiences in Alabama. Truman capote was an American born writer who wrote non- fiction, short stories, novels and plays. All of his literary works have been perceived as literary classics. The tones of some of his stories are slightly gothic. His most famous short story is Children on Their Birthdays. His work shows the occasional over writing, the twilit Gothic subject matter, and the masochistic uses of horror traditional in the fiction of the boy author ever since the eighteen-year-old Lewis wrote his Monk 150 years ago. But Capote has, in addition, an ability to control tone, an honest tenderness toward those of his characters he can understand (children and†¦show more content†¦Even though he himself was a terrible student in school and only cared about his English classes. However, he wasnt interested with school. So after graduating high school he decided to move back to New York and pursue a career in writing. Trumans first job as a writer came when he was eighteen. He was to work at The New Yorker as a copyboy (www.teenreads.com). His early stories were published in Harper Bazaar. This helped to establish his literary reputation when he was in his twenties (Price v). Capote was never married and had no children. The one thing other than his writing that made Capote unique was the fact that he was homosexual. His partner of 35 years was Jack Dunphy, a gay novelist and playwright. Capote was quite the socialite. He established high-society friends. He also held fancy Hollywood type parties at studio 54. Hollywood type of parties meaning these parties there were filled of alcohol and fueled by many different types of drugs. Due to too much partying, Capote began a victim of drug and alcohol abuse throughout most of the 1970s. His problem with alcohol abuse became public when he was arrested for drunk driving. In 1982, he was told his brain was shrinking and that he had only six months to live. Truman died of alcohol/drug abuse on August 23, 1984 in Los Angeles, California. (www.nytimes.com/books) As an author he was widely praised for his style of writing after the publication of his earlier stories. Most of hisShow MoreRelatedTruman Capote Essay1705 Words   |  7 PagesAlas, Truman Capote, probably one of the greatest 20th century American writers of all time. Capote was a large part of the Southern Gothic literary movement. He really did not write in a set genre, he created his own which is commonly known as nonfiction fiction. His novels, short stories, and plays are mostly recognized as literary classics. He is most well-known for his novella Breakfast at Tiffany’s (1958), and In Cold Blood (1965). Many films and other television media have been produced fromRead More Truman Capote Essay examples1144 Words   |  5 Pagessuccumb to viewing people and objects only for face value, there are few who take a deeper look into what is actually present underneath the surface. One of these people was Truman Capote. Capote was able to take experiences from his own life a nd put them into words for the public to read and relate to. Truman Capote was born Truman Streckfus Persons on September 30, 1924 in New Orleans, Louisiana. (â€Å"Great† 233) His mother, Lillie Mae Faulk was married to Arch Persons. (â€Å"Great† 234†) She was the tenderRead MoreTruman Capote and Postmodernism1398 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Truman Capote, as obsessed with fame and fortune as with penning great words, was a writer who became as well-known for his late-night talk show appearances as for his prose† (Patterson 1). Capote was a literary pop star at the height of his fame in 1966, after he had written such classic books as, Other Rooms, Other Voices, Breakfast at Tiffany’s, and In Cold Blood. Postmodernism was a literary period that began after the Second World War and was a rejection of traditional writing techniques. ItRead MoreCold Blood by Truman Capote900 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1965, Truman Capote created the infamous tale known as â€Å"In Cold Blood†. The book created the illusio n of fantasy while based on reality. Many people were floored at the brilliance Capote demonstrated within the pages. The book took the literary concept of a novel with the literary elements of designed scenes, characters, a story formed with an introduction, rising action, climax and resolution to the real events surrounding the murder of the Clutter family. Those that worked in the field ofRead MoreThe Cold Blood By Truman Capote967 Words   |  4 PagesIn Cold Blood Do you think that every crime has to be breathtaking to attract readers` attention? Not at all. â€Å"In Cold Blood† is a non-fiction novel of 1967 by Truman Capote, where a life story of the Clutter family is told. Exactly this story of crime can make you a philosopher – while reading, you will definitely think over the tragedy and the meaning of life. The Clutters met a lot of difficulties on their way to find happiness, but were murdered because of no reason. The police was baffled, asRead MoreCold Blood By Truman Capote986 Words   |  4 Pages In In Cold Blood by Truman Capote, the device of juxtaposition is used to contrast the differing mental states of Dick and Perry, which is emphasized by the syntax, diction, and tone throughout the two passages. Capote uses opposing accounts of the same situation to add a deeper characterization of the two men, and to emphasize their differences psychologically. Throughout the book Capote attempts to show the true complexity of the killers, and how their backgrounds and psyches affected their actionsRead MoreCold Blood Is A Book By Truman Capote956 Words   |  4 PagesIn Cold Blood is a book written by Truman Capote. It’s a non-fictional book written in the style of a creative fictional book. The story follows two criminals, Dick and Perry, after they’ve murdered four members of the Clutter family. The already experienced murderers make sure to leave no evidence, clues, or traces to them in the crime scene. As investigators attempt to figure out the mystery of the Clu tter family murders, Dick and Perry make their way to Mexico until they get found out and getRead MoreCovered with Dust: Truman Capote Essay1176 Words   |  5 PagesIn an excerpt from â€Å"In Cold Blood†, Truman Capote writes as an outside male voice irrelevant to the story, but has either visited or lived in the town of Holcomb. In this excerpt Capote utilized rhetoric to no only describe the town but also to characterize it in order to set a complete scene for the rest of the novel. Capote does this by adapting and forming diction, imagery, personification, similes, anaphora, metaphors, asyndeton, and alliteration to fully develop Holcomb not only as a town, butRead MoreTruman Capote s The American Dream1928 Words   |  8 Pageson this heavy, complex topic. Specifically, Truman Capote investigates the American Dream through his work of creative nonfiction, In Cold Blood, which centers on the violent murder of a Kansas family in the 1950’s. After interviewing l aw enforcement officers, the friends and family of the dead family, and even spending countless hours with the actual murderers, Capote wrote the first ever nonfiction novel. In this groundbreaking book, Truman Capote uses the Clutter family and the immense impactRead MoreTruman Capote s The Cold Blood1375 Words   |  6 Pages Truman Capote’s In Cold Blood: a fictitiously unfactual fantasy or an accurately arranged account of a murder? The verdict is unclear; the novel-like manner of the book juxtaposes with the precise details of the plot. Capote’s writing style, unique compared to other works, poses this question with his seamless marriage of novel-like fabrication and stone cold facts. Capote’s use of ornately descript imagery and omniscient characterization intertwines with his intricate expertise and factual evidence

Management Styles in the Workplace - 1312 Words

Management styles are wide and varied across the entire world of work. The specific type of management that works for one particular set of workers does not always work for another group of employees. Almost everyone has come into direct contact with a manager at some point in their careers. It is the relationship between the employee and the manager that must be keenly developed; in order for an office, factory, restaurant, or similar organization to run smoothly and effectively. When an organization is being managed efficiently, workers are much more upbeat, production levels are optimal, and the overall working environment has a fragrance of positivity. In sharp contrast, when an organization is ineffectively managed, more times than†¦show more content†¦Little did they understand that through the Teamwork Style of leadership, every member on the team was able to formulate the plan that was given by the manager to suit their own personal work style; provided the job was d one right. One team-work project in particular was the shipping and receiving of airplane parts. If one member of the team was more skilled in checking in the airplane parts, then that would be his assigned task. If another team member was more skilled at distributing the airplane parts throughout the plant then they would be assigned that specific job. If one of the team had a problem or concern about the job project, then the other team members would make positively sure that they were helped before they went to the manager. This approach helped immensely to show that team work is an effective way of getting a large project done with relative ease. The team concept also helped to increase the awareness of team members to fellow team members. If team members are helping each other on a daily basis, then eventually they will begin to think as a collective team; not as individuals who happen to have similar jobs. Conflict resolution is the next huge next step that we will deal with concerning the team work concept. If one of his employees had a problem or concern with something that was work or personally related, he always maintained a wide-open door policy with his teamShow MoreRelatedManagement Styles in the Workplace Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesTitle: Management Styles in the Workplace Purpose Statement: My purpose today is to inform you on four different management styles in the workplace. Thesis Statement: It is important for managers to understand their management style when certain situations arise in the work place, by knowing your management style you will become a better leader. Introduction: Have you ever been told, â€Å"Do it this way or don’t do it at all?† if so do you know what type of leadership or management style this. WellRead MoreTypes Of Workplace Conflict And The Styles Of Management1914 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract This paper explores published information on types of workplace conflict and the styles of management to address the conflict. Articles discussing how the particular style used can affect stress in the workplace. Eight interviews were conducted in which subjects were asked to rate the amount of stress they experience, the type of conflict that is experienced, and their preferred method of conflict management. The data collected agrees with the published articles showing that the preferredRead MoreWorkplace Conflicts And Conflict Management Styles2734 Words   |  11 Pages Workplace Conflicts and Conflict Management Styles Greg Jefia MBA 5213 Dr. Edwards December 12, 2014 â€Æ' Introduction Conflicts in the workplace and interpersonal relationship are inevitable. Organizational conflict is common in the workplace because people always have divergent views on various issues, interests, ideologies, goals, and aspirations (Deutsch, 1990). Conflict exists in all kinds of environments because people compete for power, jobs, resources, security and recognition. People whoRead MoreConflict Between Interpersonal, Intra Groups And Intra Group Levels1503 Words   |  7 Pagesof viewing conflict as whether undesirable phenomenon or not, it has been widely accepted that the presence of conflict in the workplace is inevitable. According to Rahim (2002, p. 207), conflict could be define as â€Å"an interactive process manifested in incompatibility, disagreement, or dissonance within or between social entities.† As this conflict occurs in the workplace, the existence of conflict is not only limited between people in an organisation, but it is also occurred between organisation sRead MoreOrganizational Leadership as Correlate of Absenteeism at Work Station1724 Words   |  7 Pagesare social systems. These are run by people, Example: Industrial organization, is a combination of men, money, machinery, material and management. The functioning of an organization depends upon how people work or behave in the organization. The scientific management came into existence to focus on behavioural aspects of management. Failure of scientific management gave birth to human relation movement. It was founded on more emphasis on workers cooperation and moral. The study of human relationsRead MoreImproving Leadership Effectiveness And Characteristics Of An Empowered Workplace1393 Words   |  6 Pagesof an empowered workplace, importance of communication, high performance in the workplace, team concepts and member roles, problem solving styles, and the stages in the life of a group will be discussed as well as applied to the case study The Chattanooga Ice Cream Division. The reader will learn about the point of the case study, and how it illustrates different areas of improving leadership effectiveness. Principles and Characteristics of an Empowered Workplace In the workplace, there are principlesRead MoreManagement Strategy At Coca Cola1619 Words   |  7 PagesManagement at Coca Cola Sandra Lee-Sartor MGT500-Modern Management Dr. McGrath November 21, 2016 Evaluate two (2) key changes in the selected company s management style from the company s inception to the current day. Indicate whether or not you believe the company is properly managed. Provide support for your position. A management style is a complete process of leadership used by managers within Coca Cola. The success that the management team at Coca-Cola has in inspiring its employeesRead More Motivation and Conflict Management Essay1023 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation and Conflict Management Organizations strive for creative ways to enhance employee motivation and resolve conflicts with the desire to have employees perform better within the workplace. To motivate one has to be motivated. Motivation within the workplace has to be constant and requiring a goal. Motivation, if not repeated will not last. Therefore, learning to determine how different organizations apply motivation theories to motivate employees, analyzing conflict management strategies andRead MoreWorkplace Bullying And Effective And Ineffective Management Strategies1683 Words   |  7 Pagesworkers have reported that they have been affected by workplace bullying, whether they were the target or the witness (2). The nursing profession is no exception to this startling statistic. Both the American Nurses Association (ANA) and The Joint Commission (TJC) have addressed the need for a positive work environment that is â€Å"free of abusive behavior, such as bullying, hostility, abuse of authority, and re prisal for identifying abuse in the workplace† (8). Bullying in nursing is thought to begin duringRead MoreLeaders Are Born Or Made?1036 Words   |  5 PagesThe terms leadership and management have become increasingly prevalent in today’s workplace. They are often used in place of each other and in some cases the terms leadership and management are used identically to each other. This has not always been the case. Leadership has a long history that dates as far back as biblical times. According to Bass, â€Å"it is one of the world’s oldest preoccupations† (Bass, 1990). On the other hand, management as it relates to the workplace is a relatively newer concept

Trademarks Public Goodwill and Brand Reputation

Question: Discuss about theTrademarks for Public Goodwill and Brand Reputation. Answer: Introduction: Trademarks are considered to be most valuable assets for some of the organizations. The distinctive marks are used mostly to build public goodwill and brand reputation. The trademark is used to distinguish between different goods of the industry. In Australia four different types of trademarks can be registered under Trade Marks Act, 1995. The four trademarks are as following; Standard Trademarks Defensive trademarks Certification trademarks Collective trademarks About Trademarks: According to section 44 of the said act, the trade marks will be rejected is applied trademarks resembles to registered trademarks or trademarks for which application is made related to similar or closely related goods. The trademark office will look into the fact that whether the trademark is substantially identical. The test for assessing the identical trademarks are found in case of Shell Co. (Aust) Ltd v Esso Standard Oil (Aust) Ltd (1963) 109 CLR 407 at 414415. Here it was accepted that marks are substantially identical and similarities and differences noted and should have the essential features of unregistered marks (Mackie Keeffe, 2016). The act is applicable to the all states of the country. The acts will extent to all of Australia. According to section 4A of the act, Criminal Code will be applied to all offences created under this act. According to section 10 of the act, resembling marks of two different businesses can cause confusion among the business. In reference to the deceptive similarity, when substantial identity, the marks is to be looked from different prospective not from side by side. According to the case Australian Woollen Mills Ltd v F S Walton Co Ltd (1937) 58 CLR 641, the necessary attempt is required to understand and to assess effects of the similarity of impression has produced in minds of ordinary person. The necessary part of the assessment is to show real tangible danger occurred due to deception or confusion may not be sufficient but the assessment of the impact of the mark to the normal person is to be identified (Austlii, 2016). Conclusion: The confusion has to be answered in relation to the deception, confusion and the similarity of marks. The act also considers the fact that goods and services claimed in the application are closely similar or resembles to earlier registered or applied marks of the same goods and services. The case of Jellineks Appn (1946) 63 RPC 389 should be drawn here for the understanding of the points, the characteristics of the goods and the service and the quality of the goods and services produced by two different manufacturer has to be looked into. It is also to be seen that whether the goods are sold by the same trade channels or not. The same description does not mean that goods have to be similar in nature. Registration of the trademarks is challenging parts of the business and it should include consideration of the due factors during registration of the marks. The factor of closely related goods is also to be considered (Inta, 2016). References: Austlii, 2016. Trade Marks Act1995. [Online] www.austlii.edu.au Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/tma1995121/ [Accessed 13 September 2016]. Inta, 2016. Trademark Basics. [Online] www.inta.org Available at: https://www.inta.org/Media/Documents/2012_TMBasicsBusiness.pdf [Accessed 13 September 2016]. Mackie, J. Keeffe, D.L., 2016. Austrailian Trade Mark System. [Online] www.ipo.org Available at: https://www.ipo.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/AGuidetoAustralianTrademarks.pdf [Accessed 13 September 2016].

Narmers Palette Essays - Narmer, Upper And Lower Egypt,

Narmer's Palette As Egypt grew and flourished to a powerful and rich nation, it left behind for today's historians, clues and artifacts of a once distinctive, well established and structured society. Proof of this is clearly depicted in king Narmer's Palette. This Palette shows historians the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, which signified the beginnings of a civilized era centred around the Nile. The unification of Egypt occurred around 3100 B.C., under the First Dynasty of Menes(3100-2850 B.C.). This age is commonly know as the Protodynastic era, which is known for the establishment of a firm political structure of the land which was unified in the hands of the king. The glorification of Lower and Upper Egypt uniting was portrayed in Narmer's Palette, which was found in the ancient southern capital of Hierakonpolis. The general function of Narmer's Palette was to commemorate a victory over his human foes. With Narmer's victory, the Palette also depicts his successful claim and conquest of all of Egypt, thus establishing unification of Lower and Upper Egypt under his rule. The dominant them however, is the victory of the god incarnate over the forces of evil and chaos. The Narmer Palette, while depicting several social aspects and tendencies of the Egyptian society, also reveals and emphasizes their structured positions within a hierarchy of command. Both sides of the Palette reveal, at the top, the name of king Narmer, which first documents, in the written history of Egypt, that we now are dealing with a civilized state. When the scribes wanted to write king Narmer's name, they placed a small fish called a 'nar' over a chisel, pronounced 'mer'. This combination of the words gave them 'Narmer'. The Palette also depicts king Narmer(probably the legendary Menes) wearing the Red Crown of Lower Egypt and the White Crown of Aphroditopolis, which represented Upper Egypt. Since Narmer had claimed victory over the northern king, thus becoming the first Pharaoh, the unification of Egypt was completed. The reverse of the Palette portrays Narmer clubbing a foeman. Narmer is then followed by his foot-washer, which should be noted is shown on a smaller scale and standing on a separate register line, as suited to his relative rank and position in Egypt's hierarchy. Narmer stands before the supreme sky-god Horus, of whom Narmer is also an incarnation, represented as a falcon with a human arm holding a papyrus thicket. On the obverse of this palette, Narmer inspects a battlefield near Buto, with several decapitated bodies of his foemen. Narmer is then preceded by his four standard-bearers and his priest. The middle register of this highly organized recording shows two long- necked lionesses and their attendants, symbolizing the newly established unification of Egypt. In the lower register Narmer is in disguise of a bull, which is destroying a fortified fort and killing any opponents in his path. The Narmer Palette reveals several important social aspects about how the Egyptians lived and were structured. The Palette also shows their value in recording historical events - with such items of war and political power struggles being 'newsworthy' events. It would be a mistake however, to read the Narmer Palette as a mere tale of conquest. Through military conquests however, Narmer was able to lay the political foundations of the kingship which endured thereafter as long as a Pharaoh wore the two crowns of Egypt. The actual finding of a Palette proves that Egyptians had established a written form of communication, which is today called hieroglyphic script. The Palette however, was depicted by Egyptian scribes using a complex combination of ideograms and phonetic signs. While king Narmer's name appears as hieroglyphic labels at the top of the Palette, it emphasizes that Egypt at this time was structured and had firmly established a civilized state. The entire Nile, now under the control of one king, was able to be utilized as the most important form of transportation. It was used for military campaigns, economic trading, and as a form of communication via boats. The Nile also provided a rich soil base which encouraged farmers to build huts and plant their crops along the river bank. Egyptian agriculture and the farmers' practices in irrigation revealed that the Egyptians had the man power and capabilities to divert water to particular fields for their crops. Although each community along the Nile was divided into districts, each governed by a man appointed by Narmer, each practised the same methods of collecting and diverting water. Also each man appointed to a particular district saw to it that taxes were collected and that the fields were drained and properly irrigated. The most significant piece of evidence that suggests that Narmers Palette Essays - Narmer, Upper And Lower Egypt, Narmer's Palette As Egypt grew and flourished to a powerful and rich nation, it left behind for today's historians, clues and artifacts of a once distinctive, well established and structured society. Proof of this is clearly depicted in king Narmer's Palette. This Palette shows historians the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, which signified the beginnings of a civilized era centred around the Nile. The unification of Egypt occurred around 3100 B.C., under the First Dynasty of Menes(3100-2850 B.C.). This age is commonly know as the Protodynastic era, which is known for the establishment of a firm political structure of the land which was unified in the hands of the king. The glorification of Lower and Upper Egypt uniting was portrayed in Narmer's Palette, which was found in the ancient southern capital of Hierakonpolis. The general function of Narmer's Palette was to commemorate a victory over his human foes. With Narmer's victory, the Palette also depicts his successful claim and conquest of all of Egypt, thus establishing unification of Lower and Upper Egypt under his rule. The dominant them however, is the victory of the god incarnate over the forces of evil and chaos. The Narmer Palette, while depicting several social aspects and tendencies of the Egyptian society, also reveals and emphasizes their structured positions within a hierarchy of command. Both sides of the Palette reveal, at the top, the name of king Narmer, which first documents, in the written history of Egypt, that we now are dealing with a civilized state. When the scribes wanted to write king Narmer's name, they placed a small fish called a 'nar' over a chisel, pronounced 'mer'. This combination of the words gave them 'Narmer'. The Palette also depicts king Narmer(probably the legendary Menes) wearing the Red Crown of Lower Egypt and the White Crown of Aphroditopolis, which represented Upper Egypt. Since Narmer had claimed victory over the northern king, thus becoming the first Pharaoh, the unification of Egypt was completed. The reverse of the Palette portrays Narmer clubbing a foeman. Narmer is then followed by his foot-washer, which should be noted is shown on a smaller scale and standing on a separate register line, as suited to his relative rank and position in Egypt's hierarchy. Narmer stands before the supreme sky-god Horus, of whom Narmer is also an incarnation, represented as a falcon with a human arm holding a papyrus thicket. On the obverse of this palette, Narmer inspects a battlefield near Buto, with several decapitated bodies of his foemen. Narmer is then preceded by his four standard-bearers and his priest. The middle register of this highly organized recording shows two long- necked lionesses and their attendants, symbolizing the newly established unification of Egypt. In the lower register Narmer is in disguise of a bull, which is destroying a fortified fort and killing any opponents in his path. The Narmer Palette reveals several important social aspects about how the Egyptians lived and were structured. The Palette also shows their value in recording historical events - with such items of war and political power struggles being 'newsworthy' events. It would be a mistake however, to read the Narmer Palette as a mere tale of conquest. Through military conquests however, Narmer was able to lay the political foundations of the kingship which endured thereafter as long as a Pharaoh wore the two crowns of Egypt. The actual finding of a Palette proves that Egyptians had established a written form of communication, which is today called hieroglyphic script. The Palette however, was depicted by Egyptian scribes using a complex combination of ideograms and phonetic signs. While king Narmer's name appears as hieroglyphic labels at the top of the Palette, it emphasizes that Egypt at this time was structured and had firmly established a civilized state. The entire Nile, now under the control of one king, was able to be utilized as the most important form of transportation. It was used for military campaigns, economic trading, and as a form of communication via boats. The Nile also provided a rich soil base which encouraged farmers to build huts and plant their crops along the river bank. Egyptian agriculture and the farmers' practices in irrigation revealed that the Egyptians had the man power and capabilities to divert water to particular fields for their crops. Although each community along the Nile was divided into districts, each governed by a man appointed by Narmer, each practised the same methods of collecting and diverting water. Also each man appointed to a particular district saw to it that taxes were collected and that the fields were drained and properly irrigated. The most significant piece of evidence that suggests that Narmers Palette Essays - Narmer, Upper And Lower Egypt, Narmer's Palette As Egypt grew and flourished to a powerful and rich nation, it left behind for today's historians, clues and artifacts of a once distinctive, well established and structured society. Proof of this is clearly depicted in king Narmer's Palette. This Palette shows historians the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, which signified the beginnings of a civilized era centred around the Nile. The unification of Egypt occurred around 3100 B.C., under the First Dynasty of Menes(3100-2850 B.C.). This age is commonly know as the Protodynastic era, which is known for the establishment of a firm political structure of the land which was unified in the hands of the king. The glorification of Lower and Upper Egypt uniting was portrayed in Narmer's Palette, which was found in the ancient southern capital of Hierakonpolis. The general function of Narmer's Palette was to commemorate a victory over his human foes. With Narmer's victory, the Palette also depicts his successful claim and conquest of all of Egypt, thus establishing unification of Lower and Upper Egypt under his rule. The dominant them however, is the victory of the god incarnate over the forces of evil and chaos. The Narmer Palette, while depicting several social aspects and tendencies of the Egyptian society, also reveals and emphasizes their structured positions within a hierarchy of command. Both sides of the Palette reveal, at the top, the name of king Narmer, which first documents, in the written history of Egypt, that we now are dealing with a civilized state. When the scribes wanted to write king Narmer's name, they placed a small fish called a 'nar' over a chisel, pronounced 'mer'. This combination of the words gave them 'Narmer'. The Palette also depicts king Narmer(probably the legendary Menes) wearing the Red Crown of Lower Egypt and the White Crown of Aphroditopolis, which represented Upper Egypt. Since Narmer had claimed victory over the northern king, thus becoming the first Pharaoh, the unification of Egypt was completed. The reverse of the Palette portrays Narmer clubbing a foeman. Narmer is then followed by his foot-washer, which should be noted is shown on a smaller scale and standing on a separate register line, as suited to his relative rank and position in Egypt's hierarchy. Narmer stands before the supreme sky-god Horus, of whom Narmer is also an incarnation, represented as a falcon with a human arm holding a papyrus thicket. On the obverse of this palette, Narmer inspects a battlefield near Buto, with several decapitated bodies of his foemen. Narmer is then preceded by his four standard-bearers and his priest. The middle register of this highly organized recording shows two long- necked lionesses and their attendants, symbolizing the newly established unification of Egypt. In the lower register Narmer is in disguise of a bull, which is destroying a fortified fort and killing any opponents in his path. The Narmer Palette reveals several important social aspects about how the Egyptians lived and were structured. The Palette also shows their value in recording historical events - with such items of war and political power struggles being 'newsworthy' events. It would be a mistake however, to read the Narmer Palette as a mere tale of conquest. Through military conquests however, Narmer was able to lay the political foundations of the kingship which endured thereafter as long as a Pharaoh wore the two crowns of Egypt. The actual finding of a Palette proves that Egyptians had established a written form of communication, which is today called hieroglyphic script. The Palette however, was depicted by Egyptian scribes using a complex combination of ideograms and phonetic signs. While king Narmer's name appears as hieroglyphic labels at the top of the Palette, it emphasizes that Egypt at this time was structured and had firmly established a civilized state. The entire Nile, now under the control of one king, was able to be utilized as the most important form of transportation. It was used for military campaigns, economic trading, and as a form of communication via boats. The Nile also provided a rich soil base which encouraged farmers to build huts and plant their crops along the river bank. Egyptian agriculture and the farmers' practices in irrigation revealed that the Egyptians had the man power and capabilities to divert water to particular fields for their crops. Although each community along the Nile was divided into districts, each governed by a man appointed by Narmer, each practised the same methods of collecting and diverting water. Also each man appointed to a particular district saw to it that taxes were collected and that the fields were drained and properly irrigated. The most significant piece of evidence that suggests that

Lab Report-Photosynthesis Essay Example

Lab Report Lab Report-Photosynthesis Paper Lab Report-Photosynthesis Paper Essay Topic: Synthesis When reduced this indicator changes from blue to a colorless solution. When light is absorbed, water is oxidized and the excited electrons are transferred for the process of reducing NADIA+ to NADIA. This transfer is done via the electron transport chain. DUCKPIN is able to capture the electrons that are transferred through the electron transport chain which will cause the color intensity of the indicator solution to decrease. The decrease in intensity of the indicator correlates to an increased rate of photosynthetic activity. Varied light intensities can alter the photosynthetic capability of chloroplasts. As light intensity increases, it is apparent that the rate of photosynthesis begins to decrease until a certain level of light saturation. If the intensity extends over a certain tolerance level, photo inhibition occurs. The light used for photosynthesis requires a specific wavelength for the pigments in chloroplast to absorb it. Light independent reactions occur in the stoma of the chloroplast whereas the light reactions occur in chloroplasts that sit on the ethylated membrane. White light is comprised of all the colors in the spectrum where each of these colors contains different energy; hence they are all of different wavelengths. Since pigments only absorb certain wavelengths within the visible spectrum, the others are transmitted or reflected. Blue and red light tend to contribute to the highest rates of photosynthesis whereas green and yellow result in the lowest rates. The purpose of the experiment was to investigate photosynthetic electron transport, using isolated chloroplast from silver beet leaves. Seven spectrophotometer tubes were numbered and solutions A-D were added according to the volumes in TABLE 1. Tube 1 was capped and inverted several times. The Spectrophotometer was calibrated using tube 1, which contained chloroplasts and sucrose only, as the blank, to ensure that any changes in absorbency for the other treatments could be attributed to the reduction of the dye DUCKPIN. At time, zero (miss), absorbency was recorded for al treatments immediately after addition of DUCKPIN and mixing of contents. This gives a rate per foot-candle and allows you to compare he effectiveness of the light based on color alone. In tube 2, there is a decrease in the absorption rate when the reaction mix is mixed. In test tube 3, the readings of the absorption rate decreases when in the presence of light. There is a decrease in reading up till the 60th minute and then the absorbency rate decreases in test tube 4. In test tube 5, there is a decrease in absorption rate when ADDICT is mixed. The readings for the absorption rate increases up till the 30th minute then it would decrease in test tube 6. In test tube 7, the readings increase up till the 30th minute then it would decrease and increase again. Graph of absorbency against time taken for DUCKPIN dye to turn colorless DISCUSSION The readings obtained in test tube 2 and 4 the readings are good as there is a decrease in absorption as the mixture is placed in the dark. Chlorophyll pigments can only carry out photosynthesis in the presence of sunlight. The dark chloroplasts and boiled chloroplasts showed some signs of photosynthesis but insubstantial compared to the fully functioning chloroplasts. Because DIP measures only the light reactions (because those are the only stages in which NADIA+ is reduced) and DIP reduction was very low in both, we can conclude hat the light-dependent reactions do not occur in either dark or boiled chloroplasts. Boiling most likely damaged (denatured) the chlorophyll beyond repair, so it functions just like as if it was covered with foil occasionally some stray photons will excite the chlorophyll, but holistically, that is not much at all. In test tube 3, the readings of the absorption rate decreases when in the presence of light. In test tube 5 the Hill Reaction will be analyzed by measuring the light absorbency of DUCKPIN as chlorophyll and the electron transport chain reduce it under exposure to light. An electron transfer inhibitor, 3-(3,4-decontrolling)-1,1 methyl-urea (DDCD), which prevents platitudinous from receiving electrons from the primary electron acceptor, will be present in different concentrations to demonstrate the reduction of DUCKPIN as being a consequence of the splitting of H2O and the transfer of electrons from chlorophyll to the primary acceptor and subsequent molecules of the electron transport chain. The rate that the DUCKPIN dye transforms from blue to clear is a function of how frequently electrons are passed through photosynthesis II, measurements of the absorbency of the DUCKPIN dye over exposure time to light will indicate the relative rate of H2O splitting ND photosynthesis II activity under the different concentrations of the DDCD electron inhibitor: the decrease in the rate of absorbency. In tube 6 the readings are such as photons are absorbed by the photometers when there is higher light intensity. A higher rate of photon absorption indicates that more electrons are excited in the photometers which leads to a higher rate of photosynthesis. However the readings are not accurate as the reading fluctuates increasing and decreasing when it is supposed to increase steadily this may be due to errors that was done during the experiment, when the absorbency rate was measured after the 60th minute the test tube was not closed this may have caused the reading to drop. In test tube 7 has high absorbency reading at the end of the 90th minute because green light wavelength is the least effective for photosynthesis. However the reading decreases at the 60th minute and this may be due to the way the test tubes were placed in the ice, the position of the test tube was altered and maybe only half of the mixture was immersed in ice. This may have caused the difference in the reading as the readings were affected by heat and chloroplast is heat sensitive.

X Ray Definition and Properties (X Radiation)

X Ray Definition and Properties (X Radiation) X-rays or x-radiation are part of the electromagnetic spectrum with shorter wavelengths (higher frequency) than visible light. X-radiation wavelength ranges from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, or frequencies from  3Ãâ€"1016  Hz to 3Ãâ€"1019  Hz. This puts the x-ray wavelength between ultraviolet light and gamma rays. The distinction between x-ray and gamma rays may be based on wavelength or on radiation source. Sometimes x-radiation is considered to be radiation emitted by electrons, while gamma radiation is emitted by the atomic nucleus. German scientist Wilhelm Rà ¶ntgen was the first to study x-rays (1895), although he was not the first person to observe them. X-rays had been observed emanating from Crookes tubes, which were invented circa 1875. Rà ¶ntgen called the light X-radiation to indicate it was a previously unknown type. Sometimes the radiation is called  Rà ¶ntgen or Roentgen radiation, after the scientist. Accepted spellings include x rays, x-rays, xrays, and X rays (and radiation). The term x-ray is also used to refer to a radiographic image formed using x-radiation and to the method used to produce the image. Hard and Soft X-Rays X-rays range in energy from 100 eV to 100 keV (below 0.2–0.1  nm wavelength). Hard x-rays are those with photon energies greater than 5-10 keV.  Soft x-rays are those with lower energy. The wavelength of hard x-rays is comparable to the diameter of an atom. Hard x-rays have sufficient energy to penetrate matter, while soft x-rays are absorbed in air or penetrate water to a depth of about 1 micrometer. Sources of X-Rays X-rays may be emitted whenever sufficiently energetic charged particles strike matter. Accelerated electrons are used to produce x-radiation in an x-ray tube, which is a vacuum tube with a hot cathode and a metal target. Protons or other positive ions may also be used. For example, proton-induced x-ray emission is an analytical technique. Natural sources of x-radiation include radon gas, other radioisotopes, lightning, and cosmic rays. How X-Radiation Interacts With Matter The three ways x-rays interact with matter are Compton scattering, Rayleigh scattering, and photoabsorption. Compton scattering is the primary interaction involving high energy hard x-rays, while photoabsorption is the dominant interaction with soft x-rays and lower energy hard x-rays. Any x-ray has sufficient energy to overcome the binding energy between atoms in molecules, so the effect depends on the elemental composition of matter and not its chemical properties. Uses of X-Rays Most people are familiar with x-rays because of their use in medical imaging, but there are many other applications of the radiation: In diagnostic medicine, x-rays are used to view bone structures. Hard x-radiation is used to minimize absorption of low energy x-rays. A filter is placed over the x-ray tube to prevent transmission of the lower energy radiation. The high atomic mass of calcium atoms in teeth and bones absorbs x-radiation, allowing most of the other radiation to pass through the body. Computer tomography (CT scans), fluoroscopy, and radiotherapy are other x-radiation diagnostic techniques. X-rays may also be used for therapeutic techniques, such as cancer treatments. X-rays are used for crystallography, astronomy, microscopy, industrial radiography, airport security, spectroscopy, fluorescence, and to implode fission devices. X-rays may be used to create art and also to analyze paintings. Banned uses include x-ray hair removal and shoe-fitting fluoroscopes, which were both popular in the 1920s. Risks Associated with X-Radiation X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation, able to break chemical bonds and ionize atoms. When x-rays were first discovered, people suffered radiation burns and hair loss. There were even reports of deaths. While radiation sickness is largely a thing of the past, medical x-rays are a significant source of man-made radiation exposure, accounting for about half the total radiation exposure from all sources in the U.S. in 2006. There is disagreement about the dose that presents a hazard, partially because risk depends on multiple factors. It is clear x-radiation is capable of causing genetic damage that can lead to cancer and developmental problems. The highest risk is to a fetus or child. Seeing X-Rays While x-rays are outside the visible spectrum, its possible to see the glow of ionized air molecules around an intense x-ray beam. Its also possible to see x-rays if a strong source is viewed by a dark-adapted eye. The mechanism for this phenomenon remains unexplained (and the experiment is too dangerous to perform). Early researchers reported seeing a blue-gray glow that seemed to come from within the eye. Source Medical Radiation Exposure of the U.S. Population Greatly Increased Since the Early 1980s, Science Daily, March 5, 2009. Retrieved July 4, 2017.

E-marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

E-marketing - Case Study Example At the same time it is also worthwhile here to mention that the e-Market space is coming up as a formidable alternative, as the customer feels more comfortable to know everything before accepting the services of the company. E-business is more than just e-commerce. It involves business processes spanning the entire value chain: electronic purchasing and supply chain management, processing orders electronically, handling customer service, and cooperating with business partners. Such a venture on the net greets each customer by name and presents targeted information and services that correspond to each visitor's unique preferences and requirements. This not only helps in reducing the man-hours spent by the company officials in explaining the details to customers, but it also helps us in establishing as a company with total transparency in all its deals. Real estate and mortgage deals are not done by individual customers on a daily or weekly basis. An individual resort to such deals onl y limited number of times in many years. Therefore, the individual prefers to give a deep thought to it before actually going for it.

Merger between Huge Co. and Computers Co Case Study

Merger between Huge Co. and Computers Co - Case Study Example Both sides worry about the merging of benefits, both afraid that their benefits they've gotten accustomed to will be replaced by the other's benefit program. Both programs have advantages and disadvantages. Huge Co. offers a program that aims for the long term needs of its employees. Their program ensures the employees' financial stability after retirement. Their program also takes care of the employees' health, as well as the company's budget. The only possible down side to Huge Co.'s benefits program is the management's lack of feedback on their employees' satisfaction with the said program. Computers Co.'s benefits program is very flexible but it is flexible to the point that it allows its employees to only think of their short term needs. Their program is high on the satisfaction of their employees but also high on the company's budget. Taking all good and bad things into account, a possible compromise may be reached. Since both companies individually have good and bad sides to their benefits programs, the best program can be made out of the good parts in both of them. The two companies operate with a "cafeteria plan," as they call it, which is good for the employees so that they can fit the benefits to what they truly need. This is even more applicable considering the age differences in the employees, which translates to the differences in their priorities in life.

Newspaper article about possible war with Iraq Essay Example for Free

Newspaper article about possible war with Iraq Essay The newspaper article I have written is about the possible war in Iraq which expressed my opinion. It is an article that is totally against war and is to inform the readers the main objections by persuading them that it is right not to have another war. Im sure I am not the only one opposed to war in Iraq! The newspaper was aimed at teenagers and students alike. I felt that it was much easier to aim at this age group because I am a student myself so its like talking to your friends instead of addressing for example an older generation. The main points I want to get across were the American push for war in Iraq is illegal without UN backing, the Iraqi people have suffered enough, and the last thing they would want is another war. In this article, I am sometimes asking the reader a rhetorical question. Questions like Why would the training be so intense if there wasnt a war? It seems a bit obvious answer of yes because there were around 150,000 soldiers in the region at the time. As you read throughout, it seems like I ask the readers some question. I ask these questions because I want them to think about certain topics like America. For this topic I asked Would you believe them? when I was referring to America is saying Iraq has weapons of mass destruction. The article was aimed for teenagers and students so most of the articles language was easy to read and understand. The sentences were short and words were basic because if I put it too technical, they might not carry on reading it. I am a teenager myself so writing something aimed at them was easier than if I was writing for say a middle aged audience. You could say that it is more of a tabloid newspaper than a broad sheet one, this article is free and would be handed out to students who could pick them up from the college library maybe? The main theme for this article is against another war in Iraq so this is why I used in big and bold letter that reads out Dont attack Iraq! I did this so that it can catch the readers attention too. For example if they walked past and saw the title, they would be more likely to pick it up and see what it is about! In order not to confuse the reader, I have split the article in sections, the main article is about Iraq but some of the other sections include other threats, real reason etc. This layout makes it more easy to read and easier to understand than if I put everything under one subtitle. Plus I want people to know that behind the scenes America is trying something which they may not know so this layout would suit me getting that message across. When I did the first draft and got it handed back, I realised I made some mistakes with me going off the point. The main point was not to attack Iraq but I sometimes talked about other countries. This might have confused the readers and one more thing is that on the title it reads Making you be heard but this isnt true as I am expressing my own personal opinions so I changed that title to Getting the Point Across instead. The article improved much from the first draft I did, the sentences were longer and had around 1600 for the last one which was way over the limit so now I have nearly halved it. I also made it more newspaper like because the last design I had lacked an attractive heading. The structure of this article was made to set out more like a newspaper as possible. I gave the newspaper a big title along the top, the writing was all in columns, some relevant pictures were included and so were the dates and price. I gave the reasons not to attack in bullet points at the beginning and rounded it all up with a conclusion which was called Real Reasons. The pictures used were there to make the newspaper look more colourful instead of having just text in there. One of the pictures was some soldiers but you could only see their shadows with rifles in the arms which look un-welcoming, another is a picture of Osama Bin Laden. He is the most wanted man on Earth and a lot of people recognise him so the article would stand out more. Word count: 772 without header and footer

Analysis of Analytical Discrimination Essay -- Essays Papers

Analysis of Analytical Discrimination If one was required to put a definition on analytical discrimination, what would it mean? In the article â€Å"Discrimination is a virtue,† author Robert Keith Miller discusses the word â€Å"discrimination† and its true meanings, stating it as just knowing a difference. So if the question were asked once again, would it be possible to discriminate the appeals used in analytical analysis? Miller presents us stories and examples to point out a â€Å"lost† definition of a word often overheard, but never studied. His use of appeals sides with logos, discriminates against ethos, and makes anti-pathos a reality. His writing appeals to the mind, leaving much to ponder, though these thoughts may be lost in the whirlwind of ink ideas thrown into a paperback debate. This article focuses on different situations to discuss the problems within. This topical discussion is effective being as there are no two clear sides for argument, and no steps to concluding a definite answer. This articles presentation leaves it open for logos, the writer seemingly shuns or does not have the use of ethos and pathos. Miller has written for Newsweek, where this article comes from. He has also written writing handbooks, such as Motives for Writing (McGraw-Hill) and Hodges’ HarBrace Handbook (Harcourt College Publishers). He is an educator in argument techniques, writing Informed Argument: A Multidisciplinary Reader and Guide. The audience for his article is people of open mind and education. His appeals to logic show a need to take apart his examples and examine them to find their meanings. When he presents his ideas, there is a need to understand each situation, and... ...f logos is a main theme in the argument. Miller needs people to think about what he is presenting to have an effect on them. To a concentrated audience, his appeals make a good impression and even some realizations. An argument that offers a change in a language may come as hard for the reader to understand, but Miller presents examples in which he change makes sense to arouse the readers mind. This use of examples may be rampant and unconnected in some aspects, but all do serve the main purpose and relate to the main argument. Miller’s techniques form an informative and interesting essay. I believe that he has found his purpose and offered his point in the best possible way considering the subject matter. In interpreting his essay, Miller’s own words seem to sum it up best: â€Å"Let us be open-minded by all means, but not so open-minded that our brains fall out.†

The Training Programs And Job Performance Of The Rank â€And-File Employees

IntroductionIn a large enterprise training plays a vital role in a variety of administrative practices. It is considered as one statement of the total management activities of enterprise (Schein).Training for the Rank and File employees primarily is intended to prove skills in order to be productive and efficient. Training likewise aims to provide the employees the knowledge required in performing the job such information regarding the organization its goal and program its relationship to other units in the company and the relationship between employees work to that of other employees provide the feeling of the confidence, camaradene ,ease, and motivation to work in the harmony towards the attainment of the organizational goals.Training is also very important in enhancing the organizations competitiveness. The enhancement of employee skills to perform better job contribute much to the development of a better organizational image in the competitive market (Nadler p-12) it is important to the continued viability of the organization that workers, must update their skills as technologies change.Training is a vehicle for organizational change in that it educates employees about new corporate strategies and better ways to operate.A review of corporate education and training would show how training contributes to a firm’s competitive future. Given continuously changing economy and fierce competition and rapid technology change training is a way advance skills and increase knowledge of competitors especially foreign cultures and markets. A slowly growing work force requires making the best use of the current work force. A changing work force due to high turnover or rapid growths requires new training needs for providing workers lacking in  basic skills.Rapid advancement in technology has led to substantial organizational charges in many industries that have affected how work as done as well as the output of wok. A new technology has spread across the globe com petitors have increased with renew focus in the use of technology to enhance product quality and to increase a firms competitive advantage the organization approaches have required employees to increase their skills so team employees can interchange jobs thereby allowing flexible work schedules and maximum group efficiency same companies have compensated the employee not only for their performance but also for learning new skills that enhance their value to the firm.Training should be viewed as socialization agents that help people understand and make a commitment to the organizational strategies such business decision and not employee need to do be successful in the organization.Training has found a very important role in an organization that is why the research choose to conduct their study in Zilog company where a electronics components thus should able to determine which training program initiated in the company most effect to the job performance of the employees. This company w as accessible in their goal to be one competitive firm in the Philippines in able to succeed the goal of an organization. It was important to train the employee in order to acquire the new knowledge to perform their job well.The researchers choose the topic the training programs and job performance of the rank and file employees at Zilog Company Sucat, Muntinlupa City because they felt that through these study employees would develop their performance in work and the organization would be more productive and profitable by training program. The researchers want to know the significance of training programs in relation to job performance. Training is the systematic development of the attitude, knowledge, skill and behavior pattern require for the adequate performance for a given job. The  researchers choose Zilog Inc.Company because this is one of the competitive firms in the business industries and one in the Philippines that export products in other country like Japan.As such empl oyees have to be trained, developed and note if an organization is aid to attain its objective with the fullest cooperation of employees in leading organizational goals.The Statement of the ProblemThe researchers conducted this study to appraise the present training program of Zilog Company Sucat, Muntinlupa City for the rank and file employees. Specifically study will attempt to answer the following questions:1. What are the demographic profiles of the respondents in relation to:1.1 Age 1.2 Gender 1.3 Civil status 1.4 Educational attainment 1.5 Length of service in the company2. Which training program designed for rank and file employees affects them most in relation to job performance in terms of :2.1 Apprenticeship training 2.2 Vestibule training 2.3 Off the job training3. To what extent does the training program affect the job performance of the rank and file employees.3.1 Effectiveness in their job performance; 3.2 Efficiency in performing their duties and responsibilities4. Is there a significant relationship between the training programs into the job performance of the rank and file employee?Hypothesis of the studyThe hypothesis used by the researchers was a null hypothesis. It is denial of an existence of an attribute, a relationship or a difference of an effect.Ho. There is no significant relationship between the training programs and job performance of the rank and file employees.Significance of the studyThe result of our study â€Å"The training Program† in relation to the job performance of the rank and file employees of Zilog Inc Company Sucat Muntinulpa City, will create benefit to the following persons and entities.Management of Zilog CompanyHandle people to do certain tasks. It regards the well-planned and organized training programs for managers to prevent employees’ obsolescence and turn them into productive workers.Rank and File EmployeeWould be able to enhance their skills and realize their weaknesses. They would be better pre pare to unchanged their dislikes and responsibilities in the organization and improve the interpersonal relationship with their fellow employees as well as with their clientele through effective training programs.ResearchersCould gain knowledge and insight into training programs which be useful to his/her employment in the future. Commerce students of Pamantasan ng Lungsodng Muntinlupa by providing enough information about the effectiveness of training program in employees of Zilog company.Scope and limitationThis study determined to the training programs and job performance of the rank and file employees of Zilog Technology Inc Sucat, Paranque City.the rank and file employees of the said electronics company were the respondents of the study. The total respondents of Zilog Company are 30. The scope of the study includes the demographic profile of respondents’ extent of training program that affect the efficiency of the rank and file employees and types of training being given to the employees in the organization.DEFINITION OF TERMSFor understanding purposes the following are the definition of terms, used in the study.Apprenticeship is a system of training a new generation of practitioners of a skill. Effectiveness means the capability of producing an effect, and is most frequently used in connection with the degree to which something is capable of producing a specific, desired effect. Efficiency in general describes the extent to which time or effort is well used for the intended task or purpose.Job Performance includes activities that ensure that goals are consistently being met in an effective and efficient manner Productivity is a measure of output from a production process, per unit of input. For example, labor productivity is typically measured as a ratio of output per labor-hour, an input. rank and file are the individual members of an organization, exclusive of its leadership. The Training Programs And Job Performance Of The Rank –And-File Employees IntroductionIn a large enterprise training plays a vital role in a variety of administrative practices. It is considered as one statement of the total management activities of enterprise (Schein).Training for the Rank and File employees primarily is intended to prove skills in order to be productive and efficient. Training likewise aims to provide the employees the knowledge required in performing the job such information regarding the organization its goal and program its relationship to other units in the company and the relationship between employees work to that of other employees provide the feeling of the confidence, camaradene ,ease, and motivation to work in the harmony towards the attainment of the organizational goals.Training is also very important in enhancing the organizations competitiveness. The enhancement of employee skills to perform better job contribute much to the development of a better organizational image in the competitive market (Nadler p-12) it is important to the continued viability of the organization that workers, must update their skills as technologies change.Training is a vehicle for organizational change in that it educates employees about new corporate strategies and better ways to operate.A review of corporate education and training would show how training contributes to a firm’s competitive future. Given continuously changing economy and fierce competition and rapid technology change training is a way advance skills and increase knowledge of competitors especially foreign cultures and markets. A slowly growing work force requires making the best use of the current work force. A changing work force due to high turnover or rapid growths requires new training needs for providing workers lacking in  basic skills.Rapid advancement in technology has led to substantial organizational charges in many industries that have affected how work as done as well as the output of wok. A new technology has spread across the globe com petitors have increased with renew focus in the use of technology to enhance product quality and to increase a firms competitive advantage the organization approaches have required employees to increase their skills so team employees can interchange jobs thereby allowing flexible work schedules and maximum group efficiency same companies have compensated the employee not only for their performance but also for learning new skills that enhance their value to the firm.Training should be viewed as socialization agents that help people understand and make a commitment to the organizational strategies such business decision and not employee need to do be successful in the organization.Training has found a very important role in an organization that is why the research choose to conduct their study in Zilog company where a electronics components thus should able to determine which training program initiated in the company most effect to the job performance of the employees. This company w as accessible in their goal to be one competitive firm in the Philippines in able to succeed the goal of an organization. It was important to train the employee in order to acquire the new knowledge to perform their job well.The researchers choose the topic the training programs and job performance of the rank and file employees at Zilog Company Sucat, Muntinlupa City because they felt that through these study employees would develop their performance in work and the organization would be more productive and profitable by training program. The researchers want to know the significance of training programs in relation to job performance.Training is the systematic development of the attitude, knowledge, skill and behavior pattern require for the adequate performance for a given job. The  researchers choose Zilog Inc.Company because this is one of the competitive firms in the business industries and one in the Philippines that export products in other country like Japan.As such emplo yees have to be trained, developed and note if an organization is aid to attain its objective with the fullest cooperation of employees in leading organizational goals.The Statement of the ProblemThe researchers conducted this study to appraise the present training program of Zilog Company Sucat, Muntinlupa City for the rank and file employees. Specifically study will attempt to answer the following questions:1. What are the demographic profiles of the respondents in relation to:1.1 Age 1.2 Gender 1.3 Civil status 1.4 Educational attainment 1.5 Length of service in the company2. Which training program designed for rank and file employees affects them most in relation to job performance in terms of :2.1 Apprenticeship training 2.2 Vestibule training 2.3 Off the job training3. To what extent does the training program affect the job performance of the rank and file employees.3.1 Effectiveness in their job performance; 3.2 Efficiency in performing their duties and responsibilities4. Is there a significant relationship between the training programs into the job performance of the rank and file employee?Hypothesis of the studyThe hypothesis used by the researchers was a null hypothesis. It is denial of an existence of an attribute, a relationship or a difference of an effect.Ho. There is no significant relationship between the training programs and job performance of the rank and file employees.Significance of the studyThe result of our study â€Å"The training Program† in relation to the job performance of the rank and file employees of Zilog Inc Company Sucat Muntinulpa City, will create benefit to the following persons and entities.Management of Zilog CompanyHandle people to do certain tasks. It regards the well-planned and organized training programs for managers to prevent employees’ obsolescence and turn them into productive workers.Rank and File EmployeeWould be able to enhance their skills and realize their weaknesses. They would be better prep are to unchanged their dislikes and responsibilities in the organization and improve the interpersonal relationship with their fellow employees as well as with their clientele through effective training programs.ResearchersCould gain knowledge and insight into training programs which be useful to his/her employment in the future. Commerce students of Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Muntinlupa by providing enough information about the effectiveness of training program in employees of Zilog company.Scope and limitationThis study determined to the training programs and job performance of the rank and file employees of Zilog Technology Inc Sucat, Paranque City.the rank and file employees of the said electronics company were the respondents of the study. The total respondents of Zilog Company are 30. The scope of the study includes the demographic profile of respondents’ extent of training program that affect the efficiency of the rank and file employees and types of training being given to the employees in the organization.DEFINITION OF TERMSFor understanding purposes the following are the definition of terms, used in the study.Apprenticeship is a system of training a new generation of practitioners of a skill. Effectiveness means the capability of producing an effect, and is most frequently used in connection with the degree to which something is capable of producing a specific, desired effect. Efficiency in general describes the extent to which time or effort is well used for the intended task or purpose.Job Performance includes activities that ensure that goals are consistently being met in an effective and efficient manner Productivity is a measure of output from a production process, per unit of input. For example, labor productivity is typically measured as a ratio of output per labor-hour, an input. rank and file are the individual members of an organization, exclusive of its leadership.Training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competenci es as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies.Zilog Technology is a trusted supplier of application specific, embedded system-on-chip (SoC) solutions for the industrial and consumer markets.THE TRAINING PROGRAMS AND JOB PERFORMANCEOF THE RANK –AND-FILE EMPLOYEESOF ZILOG TECHNOLOGY INC.SUCAT PARANAQUEIN PARTAIL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION MAJOR IN OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

Causes of the Decline and Fall of the Western Roman Empire

The fall of the Roman Empire was inevitable by A. D. 476. Christianity had weakened the bonds that had held it together, the people became corrupt, and it got too big. It was also because of the barbarian attacks. All empires eventually fall and Rome’s time had come to an end. When discussing the causes of the fall of the Roman Empire one has to see that this occurred over many years and had many different facets. Each issue has to be addressed independently with the understanding that they simultaneously combined to the dissension within the Empire and the falling of the borders that had been established during its height. By the end of the second century AD, the empire encompassed most of the Mediterranean, including Spain, France, most of Britain, Yugoslavia, Greece, Turkey, the Middle East, Egypt, and Northern Africa. The collapse of the Roman Empire was a calamity; it leads to the Dark (Middle) Ages. Seeing all the bad that came of it, the destruction of art, the collapse of great cities, the deterioration of the system of roads, the ruin of the Mediterranean trade, and the loss of European unity–it's difficult to imagine any good came of it. But some good did result. The break up of the empire led to the abolition of slavery in Europe. Of course, this, in turn, led to more poverty and the increase of latifundia because the poor people lost their land to the aristocrats. But the slaves were better off as peasants than as slaves. Christianity was a major cause of the fall of Rome. Although Rome had religious tolerance, Romans, especially Jews, didn’t accept Christianity. A lot of people converted to Christianity because they lost faith in the Romans. At first most Christians were Jews but less strict. Many values were different but they still followed Jewish dietary laws and shared many beliefs with the Jews. The early Christians also got circumcised. Even Jesus got circumcised because he was born a Jew. Then he thought he was God’s messenger but many other people during that time also thought that so most people started off not believing him. The Christians started adopting the values that they have today during the time that Saul/Paul was alive. At first he started off as a Jew who hated Jesus and hated the Christians but then he converted and traveled around spreading the thoughts of Christians but he said that Christians didn’t need to follow the Jewish dietary laws and they didn’t need to get circumcised. The Romans and the Jews didn’t like the message that Jesus was spreading so they crucified him. One impact that Jesus had was that more people didn’t want to join the military and they didn’t want to participate in the community. Since the people stopped participating in government and they didn’t join the army, the Roman army composed of the Barbarians from Germany. These Barbarians lead disorganized attacks and even attacked other Roman Barbarian groups. Because of these sloppy attacks, Rome’s army fell and it was no longer the military superpower it was before. Also, many of the lands that Rome had conquered wanted independence and broke free of the Roman Empire. Herbert J. Muller argues in his book Uses of the Past that Rome got rich by conquering new lands and because of trade with new markets and when the Barbarian attacks went unsuccessful they got no more land therefore losing their source of wealth. Edward Gibbon argues the opposite in his book The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. He says that the Roman Empire fell because it was too widespread. He says that there was too much land for the government to govern and because of that the government lost money. By the end of the Roman Empire it was widespread and had many land. By conquering these lands they got many slaves from war and from these new lands. The abundance of slaves lead to the growth of latifundia, large estates owned by the rich. These slaves were willing to work hard for little pay so the rich got richer and the poor grew poorer. The poor coloni [farmers] lost their lands and the aristocrats bought them out. Then the poor farmers went to the city and became dependent on handouts from the government such as free grain. There were many causes for the fall of the Roman Empire. Some causes were the rise of Christianity, the fall of the army, the abundance of slaves and the size of the empire. Because of all these reasons and many more Rome couldn’t survive which lead to the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The Eastern Roman empire survived and became the Byzantine Empire. Rome’s fall lead to the Dark Ages but Rome has an impact in our everyday culture because they influenced the Greeks of whose culture we have copied in order to build our own culture.

Desirees Baby essays

Desirees Baby essays The 19th century was a difficult time for many women and blacks because of the domination of white men over them. The social and economic hardships they faced in day to day life was a constant reminder of this domination. The social ideology in the story Desirees Baby was powerful and dangerous and held no escape for any character. A woman with small children who lost her husband would face extreme hardships without the support of close family members. One who happened to be down on their luck would not find much sympathy among their peers even with children. Kate Chopin was one of these individuals who was down on her luck with six children. But fortunately had the support and comfort of her mother for a short period before her mother passed away. A friend advised this mother of six children that writing was a way to solve her problems concerning money and help deal with her grief. Maternal love and all the grief from losing loved ones were to be an attribute to the writing proficiency of this literary artist. This period in Louisiana was not tolerant for mixed ancestry and one found to be non-white would be ostracized from the white community. There were some whites in Louisiana who was not racist but they would still have to follow a strict code of segregation and social guidelines or risk social or bodily death. Kate Chopin was born fourteen years before slavery was abolished so must have had strong feeling on the subject. She no doubt saw mixed ancestry in the black communities and realized the cause of it. This story crosses the line into the covert world of mixed ancestry and the problems it produced. The racism in the story is not discussed openly but is prudently mixed in with Armands atrocious character and his evil soul. Armands evil was deep as he forsakes his loving wife, infant son, and God. The story some proclaim contributed to Chopins early success was Desirees ...

The Battle of Chippawa During the War of 1812

The Battle of Chippawa During the War of 1812 The Battle of Chippawa was fought on July 5, 1814, during the War of 1812 (1812-1815). Crossing the Niagara River in July 1814, American forces led by Major General Jacob Brown sought to capture the Niagara Peninsula and defeat British troops under Major General Phineas Riall. Responding, Riall moved against a detachment of Browns army led by Brigadier General Winfield Scott on July 5. Meeting near Chippawa Creek, Scotts well-drilled troops repulsed Rialls assault and drove the British from the field. The fighting at Chippawa showed that American troops were capable of standing up to British regulars. Uniting after the battle, Brown and Scott engaged Riall again on July 25 at the bloody Battle of Lundys Lane.   Background In the wake of a series of embarrassing defeats along the Canadian frontier, Secretary of War John Armstrong made several changes in the command structure of American forces in the north. Among those to benefit from Armstrongs changes were Jacob Brown and Winfield Scott who were raised to the ranks of major general and brigadier general. Given command of the Left Division of the Army of the North, Brown was tasked with training the men with the goal of launching an assault against the key British base at Kingston, ON and mounting a diversionary attack across the Niagara River. Major General Jacob Brown and Brigadier General Winfield Scott. Public Domain Preparations While planning moved forward, Brown ordered two Camps of Instruction formed at Buffalo and Plattsburgh, NY. Leading the Buffalo camp, Scott worked tirelessly drilling and instilling discipline in his men. Using the 1791 Drill Manual from the French Revolutionary Army, he standardized orders and maneuvers as well as purged incompetent officers. In addition, Scott instructed his men in proper camp procedures, including sanitation, which reduced disease and sickness. Intending his men to be clothed in the standard blue uniforms of the US Army, Scott was disappointed when insufficient blue material was found. While enough was located for the 21st U.S. Infantry, the remainder of the men at Buffalo were forced to make due with the gray uniforms that were typical of the American militia. While Scott worked at Buffalo through the spring of 1814, Brown was forced to alter his plans due to a lack of cooperation from Commodore Isaac Chauncey who commanded the American fleet on Lake Ontario. Browns Plan Rather than launch an assault against Kingston, Brown elected to make the attack across the Niagara his main effort. Training complete, Brown divided his army into two brigades under Scott and Brigadier General Eleazer Ripley. Recognizing Scotts ability, Brown assigned him four regiments of regulars and two companies of artillery. Moving across the Niagara River, Browns men attacked and quickly took lightly defended Fort Erie. The next day, Brown was reinforced by a mixed force of militia and Iroquois under Brigadier General Peter Porter. That same day, Brown instructed Scott to move north along the river with the goal of getting above Chippawa Creek before British forces could make a stand along its banks. Racing forward, Scott was not in time as scouts found Major General Phineas Rialls 2,100-men force massed just north of the creek. Retreating a south a short distance, Scott encamped below Streets Creek while Brown took the remainder of the army west with the goal of crossing the Chippawa further upstream. Not anticipating any action, Scott planned for a belated Independence Day parade on July 5. Major General Phineas Riall. Public Domain Fast Facts: Battle of Chippawa Conflict: War of 1812 (1812-1815)Dates: July 5, 1814Armies Commanders:United StatesMajor General Jacob BrownBrigadier General Winfield Scott3,500 menGreat BritainMajor General Phineas Riall2,100 menCasualties:United States: 61 killed and 255 woundedGreat Britain: 108 killed, 350 wounded, and 46 captured Contact is Made To the north, Riall, believing that Fort Erie was still holding out, planned to move south on July 5 with the goal of relieving the garrison. Early that morning, his scouts and Native American troops began skirmishing with the American outposts north and west of Streets Creek. Brown dispatched a contingent of Porters unit to drive off the Rialls men. Advancing, they beat back the skirmishers but spotted Rialls advancing columns. Retreating, they informed Brown of the British approach. At this time, Scott was moving his men over the creek in anticipation of their parade (Map). Scott Triumphs Informed of Rialls actions by Brown, Scott continued his advance and placed his four guns to the right along the Niagara. Extending his line west from the river, he deployed the 22nd Infantry on the right, with the 9th and 11th in the center, and the 25th on the left. Advancing his men in line of battle, Riall spotted the gray uniforms and anticipated an easy victory over what he believed to be militia. Opening fire with three guns, Riall was surprised by the resilience of the Americans and reportedly uttered, Those are regulars, by God! Pushing his men forward, Rialls lines became ragged as his men moved over uneven terrain. As the lines neared, the British halted, fired a volley, and continued their advance. Seeking a quick victory, Riall ordered his men to surge forward, opening a gap on his right flank between the end of his line and a nearby wood. Seeing an opportunity, Scott advanced and turned the 25th to take Rialls line in the flank. As they poured a devastating fire into the British, Scott sought to trap the enemy. Wheeling the 11th to the right and the 9th and 22nd into the left, Scott was able to strike the British on three sides. After absorbing a pounding from Scotts men for around twenty-five minutes, Riall, whose coat had been pierced by a bullet, ordered his men to retreat. Covered by their guns and the 1st Battalion of the 8th Foot, the British withdrew back towards the Chippawa with Porters men harassing their rear. Aftermath The Battle of Chippawa cost Brown and Scott 61 killed and 255 wounded, while Riall suffered 108 killed, 350 wounded, and 46 captured. Scotts victory ensured the progress of Browns campaign and the two armies met again on July 25 at the Battle of Lundys Lane. The victory at Chippawa was a turning point for the US Army and showed that American soldiers could defeat the veteran British with proper training and leadership. Legend states that the gray uniforms worn by the cadets at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point are meant to commemorate Scotts men at Chippawa, though this is disputed. The battlefield is currently preserved as Chippawa Battlefield Park and is administered through the Niagara Parks Commission.

Between Art and Architecture in The Landscape Essay

Between Art and Architecture in The Landscape - Essay Example The paper tells that expressions that are in architecture are distinguished by the works of various architects, movements of different time frames and approaches to creating the buildings. There are distinguishing characteristics associated with the different architectural structures and landscapes, specifically which are based on the approaches which the architects take. A feature which is considers in terms of architecture is based on the artistic influences that are portrayed in each of the buildings. While architectural pieces may be considered as artistic, there are several artistic structures that do not represent architecture. Identifying and defining the differentiation as well as the approaches of various artists and the aesthetics of architecture then creates a defined meaning of what is associated with various movements. Even with the use of experimentation of mediums and the expectation of using art as architecture, are still specialized aspects that show there are altern atives that are created from both mediums. This is developing controversial aspects to the artists and architects as well as how the use of both mediums is able to develop distinctions between both categories. Identifying the spatial differences, crafting alterations and the approaches and ideologies which are taken by different architects is also able to create a different approach to how the architects and artists remain as distinct categories that are able to develop alternative movements and experimentation based on the individual mediums. Defining Contemporary Art and Architecture The concept of art and architecture has traditionally been associated with two different mediums based on the aesthetics and functionality of the pieces. Architecture implies a building or other area which is used for lifestyle needs or which is based on creating what is known as a spatial practice. The artistic works imply an expression an aesthetically valuable approach that is able to convey a mess age or meaning that is more critical in nature. The combination of both is known as a critical spatial practice and is now regarded as intertwining between both mediums. This consists of site specific art and public art, urban interventions, conceptual designs and collaborative groups which are developing hybrid approaches to the artistic and architectural endeavors within a spatial area. The changing meaning of art and architecture is one which has altered specifically because of implications based on the developments between each medium (Rendell, 2006: 3). The similarities and differences with contemporary art and architecture as well as the blurred lines which have been created have furthered into changing characteristics of what identifies art and architecture. The identification is one which is no longer based on the functionality and images that are approached as well as the use of space or context that comes from either art or architecture. The combination of both has led int o a different visual reasoning of the work. Conceptual ideas as well as figurative approaches are both being used with art and architecture to show a shift in the perspectives of what both mediums relate to. The change is one which is no longer identifying and defining the rules and regulations which were approached in terms of visual designs and the systems which were before required for art and architecture. Instead, there is a direct link to the visual landscape that crosses in terms of art and architecture as the same approach to structure (Goldschmidt, 2003: 158). Social and Cultural Changes in Architecture The movement into art and architecture as interchangeable and as a hybrid concept has not only

The European Debt Crisis, Can the World Ignore it and Keep it European Research Paper

The European Debt Crisis, Can the World Ignore it and Keep it European - Research Paper Example Most of these outcomes are as a result of the stimulus packages that were passed by the European governments in an aim to stop the economic crisis that is taking place in Europe1. Most the European governments have spent a lot of resources on the stimulus packages in an attempt of preventing themselves from great collapse but have in turn created a debt crisis2. i. Thesis Statement With reference to the discussion question given, this paper will analyze if the world can afford to ignore the European debt crisis and leave it to the Europeans. It will also analyze the causes of the crisis and what the European governments are doing to try and solve the impending crisis which is threatening to destroy the prosperity of the European countries which have been economically stable as compared to the rest of the continent. ii. Discussion The world cannot ignore the European debt crisis because the European countries came into these debts as a result of trying to solve the financial crisis th at many countries were facing at the time. This debt crisis has made so difficult for most of the European countries to finance the debts that are owed by their governments without any assistance from the outside world. By the end of 2010, over 90 of the biggest banks in Europe had lent over 760 Euros to countries like Ireland, Portugal, Italy, Greece and Spain. Due to this, the bank system in Europe is on the verge of recession. Every attempt at being made to save a bank system that is struggling with that, the same banking system had lent a lot of money to governments. Despite the financial crisis that is being faced by European governments that Euro has managed to remain stable on the financial market although many financial analysts have predicted of its loosing of strength against all the other market currencies3. In November 2011, it was seen that the Euro was trading slightly higher in the financial market than it was at the beginning of the financial crisis. Three countries that were most affected by the financial crisis were Greece, Ireland and Portugal. These three countries account for 6% of the Eurozone’s gross domestic products (GDP) collectively4. iii. Causes The European debt crisis was caused by the financial markets and other financial institutions which were greedy and blind in terms of the eurozone. In addition to that, there was the adoption of the Euro which led to the biggest drop in the interest rates and a lack of confidence from financial institutions to the European governments5. The domestic demand for finance also went very high which in turn cause a surge in the financial sector and in turn caused the a crisis. The growth of the Eurozone countries which was driven by the services offered domestically and construction was accelerated while the export industry in these countries remained in the same position thereby causing abundance in the foreign capital invested in the Eurozone countries. When European countries went to sav e the globe from a financial crisis, the European countries ended up with debts that the governments cannot afford to pay for. In the meantime as this looming crisis was at hand, Germany was transformed in a historic transformation to become one of the world’s largest exporters6. There was also excessive lending by financial institutions which led to a loss of competitiveness due to the unsound economic developments in several Eurozone countries

Counseling via Internet a good idea Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Counseling via Internet a good idea - Coursework Example The quick advancement and utilization of the Internet to convey data and foster correspondence has brought about the making of new types of counseling ("The practice of Internet counseling"). Nowadays there is a variety of tools that enable to conduct counseling through the technology advancement – though the telephone or Internet. There are many ethical issues that Internet counseling raise. First of all, confidentiality is one of the core principles in counseling. Is there a guarantee for the client that all the messages remain confidential? Psychological diagnostics may be not so effective as live communication nd counseling. Another issue is that Internet counselor has to be competent and licensed anyway – how frequently Internet counselor is eligible to work with the clients? How can the client to be sure the name corresponds the real person who is the counselor (Hughes, 2000)? In my opinion, counseling practice conducted through the Internet is possible, still I would prefer traditional way to do it. First of all, real presence of another human being heals. It is better for the client to receive an actual help. I believe professional would manage to do online-counseling as well. Yet all the ethical and professional questions have to be satisfied. Hughes, R. S. (2000).  Ethics and Regulations of Cybercounseling. ERIC/CASS Digest.  Greensboro, NC: ERIC Counseling and Student Services Clearinghouse. (ERIC ED446326), Retrieved from https://www.counseling.org/Resources/Library/Selected%20Topics/Cybercounseling/Hughes-Digest-2000-03.htm The practice of Internet counseling .  National Board for Certified Counselors, Inc. and Center for Credentialing and Education, Inc.  , Retrieved from

Assessment of the Operation Performance Objectives

Assessment of the Operation Performance Objectives A company should be concerned to satisfy its customers requirements for fast and dependable services at reasonable price, as well as helping its own suppliers to improve services they offer.   There are five basic performance objectives and they apply to all types of operation: Quality Speed Dependability Flexibility Cost Flow of flowers in VBA Operations and Critical Points It starts from the sellers section, here the flowers are received and kept in cold storage area and it moved to auction. Next it moves to the buyers section, the area for preparing and packing flowers for shipment. They pack the flowers and moved for to the auction area. With lot of manpower they handle the flowers and plants for packing and moving to the auction area. Once they reached the auction area, flowers are brought into standard container. They packed each flower with a reference number. Then flowers are arranged by its category and placed into different halls for auction. Once the auction done by the buyers for the flowers, lots are distributed on the trolleys to the appropriate packing and loading Ares. Critical Point in this Flow After moving flowers from the sellers section to the buyers sections, and moved from the auction area to the destination, it is critical to preserve the freshness of the flower. Another important critical to take care of the bidding price and flower. The first bidder to press desk operation stops the clock and become buyer of the lot. VBA have to take care of two or more bidder pressed desk operation at the same time. Scientific Management relates to Modern Job Method Design To avoid manual things which lead to error, it is resulted in information processing technology. Job Method Design is used in VBA with its useful features such as task simplification, automation, specialized tools and procedures. This approach stems from the scientific management school of thought, time and motion study and work simplification and specialization. Its primary scientific basis is classic industrial engineering. Jobs high in mechanistic features can be staffed by almost anyone and training time is typically very short. Because mental demands are minimal, stress and overload are unlikely. Errors are less common because mistakes are less likely to occur. Measuring Performance Performance in VBA can be measured based on each Performance Objectives. Quality Speed Dependability Flexibility Cost Doing things right by providing error free goods and services, which will satisfy the customers, is known as quality. VBA operations have to export their flowers to be perishable and so they made the quality inspection by VBA staff and kept in cool storage place. Performance objective speed means doing fast, it means to minimize the time between the order and the availability of the product or service that gives the customer speed advantage.VBA are focused operations to reduce difficulty by having ten thousand people to work at the center to handle seventeen million flowers and two million plants by their information processing technology. To do the things in time for customers to receive their goods or services when they are promised this performance objective known as dependability. In VBA everything tiered to the auction computer so that each buyer can have uninterrupted view of the flower and price. A clear result of responding to a dynamic environment is that organization change their products and services and changes the way they do business.   This performance objective is known as flexibility. The whole bidding process by VBA including processing time takes only a few seconds and the lots are distributed on the trolleys to the appropriate packing and loading Ares. Companies compete with prices is cost.   Low price is a universal attractive objective to customers, which can be achieved by producing goods at lower costs. In order to do things cheaply. The high level of computerization and automation of material flow allow VBA to operate with low cost at high speed and dependability. Business Process Engineering fits into the Improvement Activity The fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical contemporary measures of performance, such as cost, quality, service, and speed encompasses the envisioning of new work strategies, the actual process design activity, and the implementation of the change in all its complex technological, human, and organizational dimensions. BPR, if implemented properly, can give huge returns. BPR has helped giants like Procter and Gamble Corporation and General Motors Corporation succeed after financial drawbacks due to competition. It helped American Airlines somewhat get back on track from the bad debt that is currently haunting their business practice. BPR is about the proper method of implementation Example General Motors Corporation General Motors Corporation implemented a 3-year plan to consolidate their multiple desktop systems into one. It is known internally as Consistent Office Environment (Booker, 1994). This reengineering process involved replacing the numerous brands of desktop systems, network operating systems and application development tools into a more manageable number of vendors and technology platforms. According to Donald G. Hedeen, director of desktops and deployment at GM and manager of the upgrade program, he says that the process lays the foundation for the implementation of a common business communication strategy across General Motors. [12] Lotus Development Corporation and Hewlett-Packard Development Company, formerly Compaq Computer Corporation, received the single largest non-government sales ever from General Motors Corporation. GM also planned to use Novell NetWare as a security client, Microsoft Office and Hewlett-Packard printers. According to Donald G. Hedeen, this saved GM 10% to 25% on support costs, 3% to 5% on hardware, 40% to 60% on software licensing fees, and increased efficiency by overcoming incompatibility issues by using just one platform across the entire company Cause of failures and Prevention Corporate failure models can be broadly divided into two groups: quantitative models, which are based largely on published financial information; and qualitative models, which are based on an internal assessment of the company concerned. Both types attempt to identify characteristics, whether financial or non-financial, which can then be used to distinguish between surviving and failing companies. Quantitative models identify financial ratios with values which differ markedly between surviving and failing companies, and which can subsequently be used to identify companies which exhibit the features of previously failing companies. Commonly-accepted financial indicators of impending failure include: low profitability related to assets and commitments low equity returns, both dividend and capital poor liquidity high gearing high variability of income. Many other lists of symptoms of failure exist. For example, there is a list of 65 reasons on the UK Insolvency website which include:1 Failure to focus on a specific market because of poor research.2 Failure to control cash by carrying too much stock, paying suppliers too promptly, and allowing customers too long to pay.3 Failure to control costs ruthlessly.4 Failure to adapt your product to meet customer needs.5 Failure to carry out decent market research.6 Failure to build a team that is compatible and has the skills to finance, produce, sell, and market. Failure to pay taxes (insurances and VAT).8 Failure of businesses need to grow. Merely attempting stability or having even less ambitious objectives, businesses which did not try to grow didnt survive http://www.accaglobal.com/pubs/students/publications/student_accountant/archive/sa_jj08_mpogue.pdf. Changes affecting customer services, efficiencies in operations and improvement in stakeholder value PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION SPECIALISTS What is so difficult with the split between production and distribution specialists? It is to accommodate the variety of business situations likely to happen. There is no standard way to cooperate between a financial services producer and a distributor and there will not be any before long due to the fragmentation of the banking industry. It means that each couple of partners to- be will have to find and negotiate its own answers reflecting the power relationship as well as both specific strategies to the basic questions: Under what brand and what packaging are the services sold to the end customer? How are determined the service prices? Who does prepare, print and send the invoices? What are the roles vis-à  -vis the contract? Who does sign? Who does endorse the commitments to the customer? To the legal obligations? Who does carry the risks a priori? A posteriori? Who does manage the disputes, claims, litigations? Who does book the accounts? Who does manage the reporting to the regulators? Who may access and use the clients information files? How is organized the after sales service to clients? Who is accountable for the reporting to the clients? How are designed the processes to combine the client orientation with the product expertise? What are the incentives pushing both parties to enhance the global performanc e? The security? The IT efficiency? How are determined the earnings of both parties? In order to get the best result out of this discussion, a bank will have to be as flexible as possible in its ability to accommodate a variety of interactions with its partners IS. Let us take some examples. In the case of a brokerage partnership (where the bank does not play an important role in the contract management after the sale) as many banks have built for instance with insurance companies: The production specialist (e.g. insurance) will supply high level services: a full portal or at least application services supporting complete processes (salesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) to be integrated in the portal of the distribution specialist, Conversely, the distribution specialist will supply lower level services such as objects (addressesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) or data flows (contracts inputs). In the case of a outsourcing partnership (where the production specialist is more an outsourcer of data processing and back-office processes) as many banks have built for instance with joint ventures set up as shared service providers with competitors: The production specialist will rather supply functional services (scoring, etc.) to be orchestrated within the processes of the distribution specialist, access to simple objects (pending orders, etc.) or even data flows (reporting), The distribution specialist will supply higher level functions than in the first case (pricing decision, risk analysisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦). A Capacity planning Capacity planning is the process of determining the production capacity needed by an organization to meet changing demands for its products.[1] In the context of capacity planning, capacity is the maximum amount of work that an organization is capable of completing in a given period of time. the phrase is also used in business computing as a synonym for Capacity Management A discrepancy between the capacity of an organization and the demands of its customers results in inefficiency, either in under-utilized resources or unfulfilled customers. The goal of capacity planning is to minimize this discrepancy. Demand for an organizations capacity varies based on changes in production output, such as increasing or decreasing the production quantity of an existing product, or producing new products. Better utilization of existing capacity can be accomplished through improvements in overall equipment effectiveness (OEE). Capacity can be increased through introducing new techniques, equipment and materials, increasing the number of workers or machines, increasing the number of shifts, or acquiring `additional production facility ies. Capacity is calculated: (number of machines or workers) ÃÆ'- (number of shifts) ÃÆ'- (utilization) ÃÆ'- (efficiency). The broad classes of capacity planning are lead strategy, lag strategy, and match strategy. Capacity planning is long-term decision that establishes a firms overall level of resources. It extends over time horizon long enough to obtain resources. Capacity decisions affect the production lead time, customer responsiveness, operating cost and company ability to compete. Inadequate capacity planning can lead to the loss of the customer and business. Excess capacity can drain the companys resources and prevent investments into more lucrative ventures. The question of when capacity should be increased and by how much are the critical decisions. Capacity planning and control is an issue which every operation is faced with. Furthermore it is an activity which can profoundly affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the operation. Capacity planning and control is concerned with making sure there is some kind of balance between the demand placed on an operation and its ability to satisfy that demand. If an operation has too much capacity at any point in time it will be underutilizing it resources, paying out for machinery and facilities and often paying its staff but, because demand is lower than capacity, its costs are spread over two few customers. Therefore its costs per customer will be high. If it has too little capacity, its costs will be low (because its facilities will be fully utilized) but its customer service will be poor because it is either turning customers away or making them wait for their products and services. This will potentially undermine the companys success in the future. Therefore there are serious cons equences of getting the balance between demand and capacity wrong B (Antti Tenhià ¤là ¤, 2008)The different planning methods are by no means mutually exclusive (Meal, 1984). However, a concept called bottom-up re-planning helps to define the main method of capacity planning (Fransoo Wiers, forthcoming; Vollmann et al., 2005). It is the method that is used to ensure the feasibility of master production schedules. The variance in the sophistication of the main methods is interesting because the more advanced methods specifically aim to improve operational per-formance by reducing errors in planning. Some studies, which have focused on non-systematic methods, RCCP, and CRP, have provided preliminary evidence of the more advanced methods benefits (Sheu Wacker, 2001; Wacker Sheu, 2006). Including the finite loading techniques in the comparisons is important because a lot of efforts have been put in their development during the last two decades (Kouvelis et al., 2005). The use of progressive methods would be well justified if there was evidence on the relationship between the accuracy of the planning methods and performance. Hence, the following hypothesis is formulated: 8 Globalization refers to the process of integration across societies and economies. The phenomenon encompasses the flow of products, services, labor, finance, information, and ideas moving across national borders. The frequency and intensity of the flows relate to the upward or downward direction of globalization as a trend. Business operations are those ongoing recurring activities involved in the running of a business for the purpose of producing value for the stakeholders. They are contrasted with project management, and consist of business processes. The outcome of business operations is the harvesting of value from assets owned by a business. Assets can be either physical or intangible. An example of value derived from a physical asset like a building is rent. An example of value derived from an intangible asset like an idea is a royalty. The effort involved in harvesting this value is what constitutes business operations. Business operations encompasses three fundamental management imperatives that collectively aim to maximize value harvested from business assets (this has often been referred to as sweating the assets): Generate recurring income. Increase the value of the business assets. Secure the income and value of the business. All three imperatives are mutually dependent. The following basic tenets illustrate this interdependency: The more recurring income an asset generates, the more valuable it becomes. For example, the products that sell at the highest volumes and prices are usually considered to be the most valuable products in a businesss product portfolio. The more valuable a product becomes the more recurring income it generates. For example, a luxury car can be leased out at a higher rate than a normal car. The intrinsic value and income-generating potential of an asset cannot be realized without a way to secure it. For example, petroleum deposits are worthless unless processes and equipment are developed and employed to extract, refine, and distribute it profitably. Globalization has a huge impact on business operations The extent of globalization unfolds in an uneven fashion to the degree that the question is raised whether international trade is more focused on regional rather than global integration. Trading blocs, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the European Union (EU), the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC), Mercosur (South American trading bloc), the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), and the East Africa Community (EAC), support regional cooperation between geographical neighbors. Georgios Chortareas and Theodore Pelagidis research findings on openness and convergence in international trade indicate that intra-regional trade increased more than global trade in most situations. They stated that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ despite the positive international climate resulting from important reductions in transportation costs, the development of new technologies and trade liberalization markets continue to be determined, to a large extent, regionally and nationallyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Within NAFTA, intra-regional exports rose from 34 percent in the 1980s to more than 56 percent in 2000; exports between Asian country members amounted to 48 percent in 2000; and exports within the EU were sustained at about 62 percent. An example of limitations to fair market access for developing countries is that developed countries subsidize agricultural producers with about $330 billion per year, which creates a significant disadvantage for poorer economies without such subsidies. The impact is exacerbated because 70 percent of the worlds poor population lives in rural communities and depends heavily on agriculture. Hence, one of the concerns with uneven distribution of globalization is its impact on poorer economies by perpetuating systems of inequality.